The classification provides four or more codes placed on four axis (A - formalism, B - matériality, C - involvement body/mind, D - communication). These codes are positionning the artist in the art history.
A axis : FORMALISM
When looking at the work, what type of formalisation first strikes the eye? Is it more abstract or more figurative, etc ? (on a scale from more "immaterial" to more "realist").A130 : works based on optical effects works based on perception
using the arrangements of colours and/or shapes to trick the human eye into seeing them in a distorted way (photos and "installations" of Georges Rousse, Felice Varini, ...), or with the illusion of movement, as in "Kinetic Art" and "Op Art" (Y. Agam, Victor Vasarely, C. Cruz Diez, J.R. Soto, Bridget Riley, …). A160 : Abstracts Geometrical constructs: "All over", soft constructs
with a certain sensitivity in materials or colour, reintroduced into the "hard" construct, whether square-based or not (S. Poliakoff, Malevitch, J.P Riopelle, Maurice Estève, M.H. Veira Da Silva, Barnett Newman, James Bishop, ...).
B axis : MATERIALITY
How does the materiality of what is shown come across?
(on a scale from more "immaterial" to more "real").B130 : Materiality
in painting, but also with all other materials with the following possibilities: unstructured slight materiality
colours and material are more or less understated, diluted, evanescent, playing with their transparence (Zao Wou Ki, Olivier Debré, …). B150 : Materiality
in painting, but also with all other materials with the following possibilities: unstructured with matter predominant
by its thickness, its composition or the way they are built up, matter here has pride of place (J. Fautrier, J. Dubuffet, J.P. Riopelle, and objects by Bertrand Lavier, ...). B180 : Materiality
in painting, but also with all other materials with the following possibilities: mixed materiality: structured / unstructured
when a work is "structured" in its "lack of structure", and vice versa (repetition of forms, signs, matter ... Viallat, Toroni, Degottex, Hantaï,...).
C axis : INVOLVEMENT BODY/ MIND
With what body:mind ratio does the artist enter into his work?
Classify from the most "intellectual" (e.g."Concept Art"...) to the most "physical" (e.g. "Body Art", ...).C110 : towards the intellectual side/ the essence of things conceptual levels specific questionings
from Bruce Naumann to Daniel Buren; the "Art System" questions its own foundations or its history (C.M Mariani, Wim Delvoye, Komar et Melamid, ...).
D axis : COMMUNICATION
Does the artist have the deliberate intention to convey a message of any sort through his work?
(classified from the most "mystical" to the most "worldly").D130 : via what is meaningful
based on the idea that work on what symbolizes forms an intentional message in itself (for example: Daniel Dezeuze's "Stretchers", etc., etc., ...). by variations in execution
seriality, multiplication (Claude Viallat, Niele Toroni, "figurines" by Antony Gormley, ...), accumulation or compression (J. Chamberlain, Arman, César, ...), subtleties and variability of the material (Rober Ryman's "Whites"; dissolutions of "matter / life" by Roman Opalka or by On Kawara; Gilberto Zorio, ...). D140 : via what is meaningful
based on the idea that work on what symbolizes forms an intentional message in itself (for example: Daniel Dezeuze's "Stretchers", etc., etc., ...). exploration and variations on a theme or on a single resource (object, material, ...)
to make it express the maximum (Cézanne's "Saintes Victoires", Andy Warhol's "Marylins" , Rutault's "methods", "bodies" by J. and D. Chapman, or by Katharina Fritsch, ...) or of a single resource (objects, materials, etc.: G. Titus Carmel's "bananas"; Miralda's "soldiers"; Damien Hirst's "cigarette butts" ...) in order to explore all its facets
HÉMAIN Jerôme
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